Stone Soup – by Rev. Dustin Bartlett

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Stone Soup

by Rev. Dustin Bartlett

Revised: February 18, 2017

Stone Soup

by Rev. Dustin Bartlett

 

What follows is my own version of an old folk tale.  It’s an old story, but like all old stories that have been told and retold throughout the centuries, it has stuck around because it’s a story that we still need to hear today.

 

Once upon a time, a poor family found that their country had become a war zone.  They were no longer safe in their homeland; to stay meant death.  And so, they had no choice; they were forced to flee their home.

 

Mother and Father packed up the things they could carry, the things they would need to survive, took their children by the hand, and fled their home on foot.  For some time they wandered around from place to place.  The little money they brought with them quickly ran out, and their situation grew desperate.

 

One night, as the family walked along, Brother and Sister began to complain.

 

“We’re hungry.  Can’t we stop and eat?  Can’t we sleep in beds again like we used to back home?”

 

Mother and Father felt sorry for their children, because it had been weeks since they had slept in a bed, and it had been two days since they had eaten.  But they had no food.  They had no money.

 

Then, up ahead, they saw the lights of a small village.

 

“Can we stay there?” asked Sister.  “Maybe they’ll have something to eat.”

 

“It can’t hurt to ask,” replied Father, but his hopes were not high.  They had stopped and asked for help at many such villages since they’d fled their home, and most had refused to help them.  Still, Father was right – it couldn’t hurt to ask.

 

As the small family of refugees approached the village, a few of the townspeople saw them coming up the road.

 

“Oh, no,” they said.  “Here comes another poor family, looking for a handout, no doubt.  If we share our food with them, then they’ll tell others, and before long many poor people will come to our village looking for food and a place to stay.  It’s best that we tell them what we have told all the others – that we don’t have enough food to share or room for them in our village.”

 

So the villagers quickly went about hiding all the food in the village.  They pushed the sacks of barley under the hay in the lofts.  They lowered buckets of cream down their wells.  They spread old quilts over the carrot bins.  They hid their cabbages and potatoes under the beds. They hung their meat in the cellars.  They hid all the food in the village.  Then, they waited.

 

Soon, Mother, Father, Sister, and Brother arrived in the village.  They went to the first house they reached, knocked on the door, and explained their situation.

 

“We’re sorry to disturb you, and we know it’s getting late, but we fled from the war in our home country.  We are very tired, and very hungry, and have no food or money of our own.  Please, could you spare a bit of food to feed us, or to feed our children at least?”

 

“I’m sorry,” came the reply, “but we had such a bad harvest this year that we don’t even have enough food for ourselves.”

 

Not giving up, the family went to the next house.  Again, they explained their situation.  Again, the reply: “If we share with you, we won’t have enough for ourselves.”

 

They came to the third house.  Again, they stopped and asked.  Again, they were told there was not enough food to spare.  This time Brother spoke up and said, “Could you at least give us beds to sleep on for the night?”

 

“No,” they said.  “I’m sorry, but there isn’t room.”

 

House after house it was the same.  Finally, the family gave up and resigned themselves to go to sleep, hungry, on the banks of a little stream just outside of town.  As they all sat down and prepared to rest for the night, Mother had an idea.  She told her plan to Father, Sister, and Brother, and they all agreed.

 

Brother and Sister ran back into the village, and once again they went from house to house, door to door, and spoke with the people inside.  Only this time, they were smiling.  They seemed excited.

 

“Good news!” the children said to the villagers.  “You have a little creek on the edge of your town!”

 

“Yes, we know.”

 

“Well, then, we don’t need to borrow your food.  We can use the water from the creek, and cobblestones from the bottom, and make stone soup.  And since you told us that you don’t have enough food for yourselves, we wanted to invite you to come and eat some of our stone soup with us.”

 

“You can’t make soup from just water and stones,” the villagers scoffed.

 

“Sure you can,” said the children.  “Come and see.”

 

So Brother and Sister led the villagers to their campsite near the creek.  And, sure enough, Mother and Father had built a fire, placed their pot over the fire, and filled the pot with water and smooth stones from the bottom of the stream.

 

“What is this?” asked the villagers.  “You can’t make soup with only water and stones!”

 

“Certainly you can!” replied Mother, “and we’re happy to share our stone soup with you, since you told us you barely have enough food of your own.  Although, with so many of you, we’re going to need a bigger pot.”

 

“I have a large pot back at my home!” said one of the villagers, who was intrigued to see if stones could really be made into soup.  “Let me fetch it for you!”  And off he ran to get his extra-large pot.

 

When he returned, the contents of Mother and Father’s pot were poured inside, and they gathered even more water and even more stones from the creek until the enormous pot was full.  Soon, the water began to boil.

 

“When will the stone soup be ready?” asked one of the villagers.

 

“Very soon,” said Father as he stirred the pot.  “And it’s quite tasty.  Of course it would be much better with a little salt and pepper, but it will taste okay without it.”

 

“Well, I have some salt and pepper at home,” said another villager who, like the rest, was very excited to try soup made from stones.  “Let me run home and fetch it for you.”

 

“That would be great.  Thank you,” said Father.

 

Soon the villager was back, and salt and pepper were added to the stone soup.  Father offered Mother a sip to taste.  “It’s good,” Mother said, “but it could be sweeter.  If only we had some carrots!”

 

“I think a have a few carrots I could spare,” said one of the villagers.  “I’d be happy to share them.”  And off she ran to take the quilt off the carrot bin.

 

When the carrots were added, the soup was sampled again.  “Much better.  Almost too sweet, actually.  Maybe some cabbage would balance it out.  It’s too bad we don’t have any.”

 

“I have some cabbage I could spare.”  And soon cabbage was added to the stone soup.

 

“This is shaping up to be one of our best batches of stone soup ever!” exclaimed Father.  “In fact, I once made a batch of stone soup very much like this one for a rich man back in my home country.  The only difference was that it had potatoes and cream.  It’s too bad we don’t have any.”

 

The villagers discussed this among themselves.  They had to admit that this stone soup was starting to smell quite good.  And imagine if they could learn to make a soup good enough to serve a rich man with only stones!  Wouldn’t that be something!  So, some of the villagers went off to pull the potatoes from under their beds, and to raise their buckets of cream from out of the wells.

 

These, too, were added.  “Excellent!” said Mother.  “Why, if only we had some beef and some barley, this stone soup would be good enough for a king!  But it’s no use wishing for what you don’t have.”

 

Imagine that!  A soup, good enough for a king, made with only a few stones!  It seemed like magic!  So of course, one of the villagers went to get some beef from out of the cellar as another pulled some barley from underneath the hay.

 

Finally, Mother and Father agreed that their stone soup was ready.  The villagers produced bowls and spoons, tables and chairs.  And the stone soup smelled so good, it seemed like it would be a crime to serve it without bread, and without wine, and without some pie for dessert, so these things, too, were brought out by the villagers.

 

Soon, they all sat down to eat – these wandering strangers from a strange land and the citizens of the village – together.  The stone soup, the villagers agreed, was one of the best and heartiest soups they’d ever tasted.  And to think, such an amazing soup made with only the water and stones from their little creek.

 

The mayor of the village stood up, toasted the strangers who had taught them the secret of making stone soup, and said, “We can find a spare bed for you here and there, and you can stay in our homes as our guests until you are able to build a home of your own.  Please, stay here with us, because you have taught us the secret of making soup from nothing but a few stones, and now that we know how to make stone soup, no one in our village will ever be hungry again.”

 

The Plight of Christians in Pakistan

Breathing Without living: the plight of Christians in Pakistan

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The nativity scene, organised and prepared by Christians in Peshawar just before Christmas. Photo: A. Khan

 

Altaf Khan, University of Peshawar

“The year 2017 will be one of peace and love,” Naheed Naz told me. “There is nothing in the scriptures about it, but Jesus puts feelings in your heart about what is going to happen. It is a matter of faith and we believe in it.”

I met Naz, in her 40s, and a nursing teacher with a Masters degree in Public Health, at the All Saints Church in the heart of Peshawar’s old city. She sounded optimistic despite the last days of 2016 bringing more turmoil in Pakistan for Christians.

Christmas messages were received with death threats and a Christian man was arrested on December 30 for allegedly desecrating the Koran. He currently faces the death penalty.

I could feel this tense atmosphere as I approached the All Saints Church on Christmas Day. The 19th-century building of Islamic Saracenic style reflecting in the brilliantly sunny day outside.

As I entered the church’s hall, the faithful were taking seats in anticipation of the Christmas mass. I had to come in through heavy security. The street where the church stands was blocked at both ends by sand barriers and guarded by security personal. On 22 September 2013, a twin suicide bomb attack during a Sunday mass at the church killed 127 people.

I asked Naz how the Christmas of her childhood differed from now. She recounted memories of her childhood and her sister’s: the letter to Santa, her mother and father who used to make their life loving and rich, and the moral values of love and peace Christmas used to bring. Naz lost her mother in the 2013 bombing.

A little later, as I sat in the church, I met Shafi Maseeh, 75, who also lost his son in the same terror attack. He had little to say. Shafi is the real prototype of a Christian in Pakistan. A janitor by trade, he had no good memories to share of anything.

Most Christians I talked to felt a loss of identity, isolation and a deep sense of alienation. There was no nostalgia for the past, nor any enthusiasm for the present.

In the All Saints Church, I was not alone at the Christmas ceremony. The local media had come too. Father Patrick Naeem was happy to see them and thanked the government, the media and the chief of the Pakistani army, while also asking journalists to respect the parishioners as they took photos of the ceremony.

One reporter asked me what I was doing there. When I told her I was going to do a story on Christmas and would like to interview her too she angrily replied, “I am not a Christian, do I look like one?” I was shocked for a moment. “There is nothing wrong with being a Christian,” I said.

Another reporter warned me as I was leaving the place: “Be careful, liberals are on the hitlist.” I just kept quiet.

Pakistan’s Christian minority

There is no definitive figure, but Christians make up roughly 1.6% of the population of Pakistan, as many as Hindus, according to the latest official statistics.

Christians mostly converted from Hinduism to escape the caste-dominated Indian society before the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947. But changing religion didn’t help: the roots of discrimination based on caste run deep in both Indian and Pakistani society.

The Christmas ceremony is an event on its own as media gathered to film.
A. Khan

The plight of Christians has persisted for decades, but there has also been a rise of hatred against Christians since the late 1980s, when the dictator Zia ul Haq introduced Pakistan’s blasphemy law, particularly used to persecute Christians.

A double oppression

Pakistani society is still marred by racism and questions of caste, even among Muslims, despite the Qur’an setting out radical equality for all.

Across South Asia, Muslims remain divided up by various hierarchical systems. This long trail of caste-related injustice goes back to the beginnings of subcontinental societies and seems impervious to the intrusion of other sources of identity such as the nation state or religion.

So the Christian community reels under a double oppression of racism, based on the low castes many Christians come from, and religious intolerance towards their belief system.

But even among minorities, Christians are particularly singled out, for a number of reasons. They are visible: they live mostly in urban areas and are often employed in low-wage jobs. They are also the poorest of the community.

In December 2015, the Capital Development Authority of Islamabad submitted a report suggesting that the Christian “ugly slums” of the capital be destroyed to keep the city clean. The CDA, in this unprecedentedly stupid move (“their Trump Moment” as the English daily Dawn put it), argued that the campaign of destruction would preserve Islamabad’s aesthetics and maintain its Muslim-majority demographic balance.

The proposal was rightly contested by political parties, activists, and NGOs and thwarted by the Supreme Court, but it was a worrying sign of just how poorly Christians are thought of by the Pakistani elite.

Adding insult to injury, Christians in Pakistan are also seen as representatives of the US and other Western powers who are often held to be responsible for the plight of Muslims around the globe.

Christianity in politics

The plight of Christians is linked to the political foundation of Pakistan and the much criticised Two Nation Theory which became the basis of Partition in 1947. Partition aimed to create a state for Hindus (India) and one for Muslims (Pakistan).

Christians are historically considered to have positively contributed to Pakistani statehood, thus helping the development of the Pakistani society, but today they, along with other non-Muslims, are forbidden from holding high office.

The Christian vote in Pakistan is around 1.3 million, second to the Hindu vote, which is around 1.5 million. While the Hindu vote is mostly concentrated in the Sindh and Punjab regions, Christian voters are more scattered. Since the minority vote is restricted to a few electorates, political parties are not generally interested in serving them, though there is a lot of lip service to minority issues.

Minority representatives protest the problem of segregation from mainstream politics. There is no doubt that the electoral system adds to the problems of already frustrated minority communities in Pakistan. Minorities don’t have the right to place their own candidates in elections. They can vote for any Muslim candidate in their constituency from within the general seats, and they also have the right to vote for a minority candidate, but they don’t have the right to choose these. They are instead given minority seats for which tickets are allotted by mainstream political parties.

Fractured communities

While talking to various Christians, I observed very little sense of community. All identity revolves around the personal and in Pakistan, that is steeped into the psychology of status.

Christians in Pakistan are faced with both victim-blaming from without and the self-loathing it generates within the individual.

Continuous repression as a community within social and political life in Pakistan has led some to blame themselves for their problems. Self-incrimination, a shallow sense of belonging to the mainstream and the loss of the social self were often apparent in my conversations for this article.

“Our people are not serious about their studies; they don’t save money,” a priest who works as a waiter at my university’s student accommodation told me. “I do save, though I am usually in debt, while keeping my needs to the minimum.” When I asked if it is because of the loss of hope that some Christians struggle in school and work, he replied, “No, I have made it from a janitor to a waiter. My boys are going to school. Isn’t it an environment conducive to success?”

Living with contradiction

Christians are often the recipient of local charities. “Yes, we like them, because they grew up with us,” a high-level political activist in Peshawar told me. “They clean our homes and we give them our used clothes, and also food. They are good people. We also offer them gifts on Christmas. We just did this year, too.” The activist was also a trader in the market in front of the All Saints Church.

Christians often feel the same way. “The political parties don’t care for us,” the priest at Peshawar University said. “Some politicians do, though. They offer us gifts on Christmas. I also got my package. They change the carpets of our church every now and then. This is good.”

In the present environment of hopelessness and fear, the only option left for Christians is to learn to live with Pakistan’s deep contradictions – discrimination from the state, but charity from politicians.

Centuries of continuous repression have left many without any sense of identity within their home country. Many Christians here just want to breathe – being able to truly live is a distant dream.

The Conversation

Altaf Khan, Professor, University of Peshawar

This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.